I think these problems that we're talking about addressing, the public health issues of children failing in school and the enormous stressors related to poverty, are way beyond any single person to address. I cannot do this research by myself. I absolutely cannot, and I'm not just talking about research assistant types. I'm talking about co-investigators who are helping think about this and helping us stay smart and keeping us on our toes. What I'm hoping happens in our field. I'll put it this way particularly for people who are new in research is I hope they join teams, and I hope they get viable roles on these teams where they can develop their own independent line of research that is coming out of this research team. I think it's a problem when they're perceived as being junior to someone else, and they never get the chance to develop their own ideas, so that won't work. And that gets into mentoring and seeing that senior people can be good about giving people a chance to kind of develop their own, but the problems we're talking about are so complex that there is lots of room for innovation here.

So I think the ideal is these research teams that work together on problems and spin off other studies that then the junior person becomes the principal investigator on. That's how I see it, and I think the problem is that academia is admittedly not set up that way often, but I think we need to change that. I really think that needs to change. I think we need to talk about that as a field and say this is not healthy that we're only thinking of people working on their own and developing their own programs. It's not producing the kind of research that we need to produce.